Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics – International Edition 38(3): 259-271, doi: 10.61873/UCHB6154
Neonatal hypoglycemia: a review of the current diagnostic and management guidelines
expand article infoKyriaki Zervoglou‡, Vikentia Harizopoulou‡§, Maria Bouroutzoglou‡, Thomai Kallia‡, Angeliki Antonakou‡
‡ Midwifery Department, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece§ 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Papageorgiou General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
© Kyriaki Zervoglou, Vikentia Harizopoulou, Maria Bouroutzoglou, Thomai Kallia, Angeliki Antonakou.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation: Zervoglou K, Harizopoulou V, Bouroutzoglou M, Kallia T, Antonakou A (2024) Neonatal hypoglycemia: a review of the current diagnostic and management guidelines. Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics – International Edition 38(3): 259-271. https://doi.org/10.61873/UCHB6154
Open Access
Abstract
Neonatal hypoglycemia is the most common metabolic disorder during the neonatal period. Despite its frequency of occurrence, there is no specific glucose concentration that defines it. Various symptoms and clinical manifestations characterize it, and its complications are related to its severity and duration. This review aims at comparing the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Pediatric Endocrine Society, and the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine regarding the risk factors, the diagnosis, and the management of hypoglycemia. The complexity of hypoglycemia management and the research questions that need to be answered are highlighted by comparing the three guidelines. Preventing neonatal hypoglycemia by monitoring the maternal glucose concentrations, exploring and defining the optimal glycemic targets, investigating the long-term benefits after following these guidelines, and searching for less invasive diagnostic and therapeutic tools may help healthcare professionals make informed decisions to achieve better outcomes for these neonates.
Keywords
neonatal hypoglycemia, blood glucose levels, definition, guidelines, management